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Season, Weather, Climate, Vegetation

   Season

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The four distinct seasons of Bhutan are:

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  • Spring (March, April and May)

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  • Summer (June, July and August)

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  • Autumn (September, October and November) ​

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  • Winter (December, January and February)

 Weather

 

The pattern of weather in each season is:

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  • Spring: dry, sunny and warm during the day and cool in the night.

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  • Summer: monsoon season brings rain, which cause travel disruptions (hot and humid in the lower elevations day and night during the season). 

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  • Autumn: warmer in the lower elevations and colder in higher elevations.

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  • Winter: freezing cold in the higher elevations and cooler in lower elevations. 

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Climate

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Average variation of climate by elevations is:

 

  • 100–2,000m: Tropical/subtropical climate; hot and humid in summer; cooler in winter; warm in spring and autumn.

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  • 2,000-4,000m: Temperate climate; warm and hot  summer; frosty cold winter; colder spring and autumn.

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  • 4,000-7,500m: Cold alpine climate; cool summer; freezing cold winter, still cool spring and cold  autumn. 

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  • Additionally, cloudbursts and rain-shadow effects microclimatic conditions prevalent in the country.

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  • Climate and weather in the country is influenced by mountainous topography of steep mountains and deep valleys, Indian plains, Bay of Bengal and the Tibetan plateau. 

Vegetation 

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Vegetations/habitats by climate and elevations are :

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  • Dry tropical/subtropical climate: Semi-evergreen, deciduous broadleaved forests and pockets of chir pine forests.  

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  • Temperate climate:  Broadleaved mixed with conifer forests, blue pine and fir forests.

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  • Alpine climate:  Alpine meadows and scrubs of rhododendron, juniper, medicinal and herb.  Snow and glaciers above 4,600m elevations.

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